|
Minangkabau Merchants refers to merchants from Minangkabau Highlands, in central Sumatra, Indonesia. Most of Minangkabau merchants began as the peddlers or informal trading without funding of financial institutions. ==History== In 7th century, Minangkabau merchants sold gold in Jambi and were involved in the formation of Malayu Kingdom. They became influential traders who operated on the west and east coasts of Sumatra. Gold was initially the main traded commodity of Mining society. Beside gold, Minangs also brought spice from the Sumatran hinterland to be sold in the Straits of Malacca. Many Minangkabau people worked as intermediary traders for the Srivijaya empire, the Sultanate of Aceh and the Sultanate of Malacca. Minangs merchants built trading posts along the west coast of Sumatra from Meulaboh to Bengkulu. During the latter part of 18th century and the early of 19th century, Minangkabau merchants developed a flourishing trade in gambier, coffee, and textiles. This led to conflicts with both local rulers and the Dutch. Then the Minang traders, seeking free markets on the east coast of Sumatra, were attempting to break the monopolies of the Dutch and the local political authority. Minang merchants declined after the Dutch defeated Minangkabau people in the Padri War. Until Indonesian independence in the late 1940s, West Sumatra and its trading system was under Dutch East Indies control.〔 In the 1950s, Minang businessman were raised as indigenous traders among the Chinese. The most prominent included Rahman Tamin, Agus Musin Dasaad, Anwar Sutan Saidi, Sidi Tando, Hasyim Ning, Djohan & Djohor, and Sutan Sjahsam. Tamin and Dasaad traded in small-holders rubber, tea, coffee, and pepper. Two brothers, Djohan & Djohor, worked with Dasaad on the import of textiles from Japan and the import of raw cotton for the Indonesian textile industry. Sidi Tando, opened a paint factory and moved into shipping in the early 1960s. Sutan Sjahsam, the brother of PNI figure Sutan Sjahrir, owned an import company, N.V. Soetan Sjahsam Corporation, and was the founder of Indonesian Capital Market. Hasyim Ning, the Mohammad Hatta's step-brother, developed the assembling automotive industry. In 1952, Ning was appointed President Director of The Indonesian Service Company, which imported and assembled Dodge trucks and Willeys jeeps. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Minangkabau businesspeople」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|